Website security ensures that websites are protected from cyber threats such as hacking, data theft, and malware. Implementing robust security measures is essential to maintain user trust and prevent unauthorized access to sensitive information.
Here are 20 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on website security, along with their answers and explanations:
1. What is the primary purpose of SSL/TLS in website security?
A) To store user data securely
B) To encrypt data transmission between the server and client
C) To improve website speed
D) To block malware
Answer: B
Explanation: SSL/TLS ensures that data transmitted between the client and server is encrypted, preventing unauthorized access or interception.
2. Which HTTP status code indicates a secure redirection (HTTPS)?
A) 301
B) 200
C) 404
D) 500
Answer: A
Explanation: A 301 status code is used to permanently redirect HTTP to HTTPS, ensuring secure access.
3. What is the main risk of not validating user input on a website?
A) Poor website performance
B) Vulnerability to SQL Injection
C) Increased loading time
D) Incorrect analytics data
Answer: B
Explanation: Not validating user input can lead to SQL Injection attacks, where malicious input manipulates the database.
4. Which of the following is the best defense against Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks?
A) Using HTTPS
B) Validating user inputs
C) Escaping untrusted data before rendering in a browser
D) Limiting database size
Answer: C
Explanation: Escaping untrusted data ensures that it is treated as plain text, preventing the execution of malicious scripts.
5. What is a “man-in-the-middle” attack?
A) An attacker intercepting communications between two parties
B) A physical theft of a server
C) A denial-of-service attack
D) Unauthorized login attempts
Answer: A
Explanation: In a man-in-the-middle attack, the attacker intercepts communication to steal or alter data.
6. Which tool is commonly used for scanning website vulnerabilities?
A) Photoshop
B) Nmap
C) WordPress
D) Google Analytics
Answer: B
Explanation: Nmap is a network scanning tool that can identify vulnerabilities in servers and websites.
7. What is the purpose of a Content Security Policy (CSP)?
A) To restrict unauthorized IP addresses
B) To define which content sources are trusted
C) To encrypt passwords
D) To optimize website loading times
Answer: B
Explanation: CSP prevents attacks like XSS by specifying trusted content sources.
8. Which of the following is NOT a website security threat?
A) Phishing
B) DNS Spoofing
C) SEO Optimization
D) SQL Injection
Answer: C
Explanation: SEO Optimization is a marketing technique and not a security threat.
9. What is the role of a firewall in website security?
A) Encrypting data
B) Blocking unauthorized access
C) Storing website backups
D) Improving website speed
Answer: B
Explanation: Firewalls monitor and filter incoming and outgoing traffic to block unauthorized access.
10. Which is the strongest type of password?
A) 12345678
B) Admin2025
C) @!kM2$xY#5Z7
D) UserName2023
Answer: C
Explanation: Strong passwords include a mix of uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and special characters.
11. What is “SQL Injection”?
A) Injecting malicious SQL queries into a database
B) Overloading the server with requests
C) Stealing passwords
D) Encrypting data
Answer: A
Explanation: SQL Injection involves inserting malicious queries to manipulate or access databases.
12. How often should website security updates be applied?
A) Annually
B) Monthly
C) As soon as they are available
D) Never
Answer: C
Explanation: Timely updates ensure vulnerabilities are patched promptly.
13. Which protocol ensures secure file transfer?
A) FTP
B) SFTP
C) HTTP
D) SMTP
Answer: B
Explanation: SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) encrypts data during file transfers.
14. What is the main purpose of CAPTCHA on websites?
A) To secure file uploads
B) To prevent automated bots
C) To encrypt user data
D) To optimize page loading time
Answer: B
Explanation: CAPTCHA ensures that only humans can perform specific actions, preventing automated attacks.
15. What does two-factor authentication (2FA) add to website security?
A) A firewall
B) An additional layer of verification
C) Faster login times
D) An IP blocker
Answer: B
Explanation: 2FA requires a second form of verification, enhancing security against unauthorized access.
16. What is the main threat that HTTPS mitigates?
A) Malware infection
B) Data interception
C) Phishing emails
D) Brute force attacks
Answer: B
Explanation: HTTPS encrypts data to prevent interception during transmission.
17. What is a DDoS attack?
A) An attack that encrypts user data
B) An overload of traffic to crash a website
C) A phishing attempt
D) A malware infection
Answer: B
Explanation: DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks flood a website with traffic, causing it to crash.
18. Which of the following is a secure method for storing passwords?
A) Plain text
B) MD5 hashing without salt
C) Bcrypt with salt
D) Base64 encoding
Answer: C
Explanation: Bcrypt with salt ensures secure password hashing by adding randomness and computational cost.
19. What is the purpose of website backups?
A) To improve website performance
B) To recover data after an attack
C) To prevent SQL Injection
D) To block unauthorized users
Answer: B
Explanation: Backups allow recovery of data in case of a security breach or data loss.
20. Which tool can help detect malware on a website?
A) Google Analytics
B) Wordfence
C) Photoshop
D) SEMrush
Answer: B
Explanation: Wordfence is a security plugin that detects and removes malware from websites.
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