SQL Commands – Minimal Cheatsheet 2020

SQL is a standard language for accessing and manipulating databases. Although SQL is an ANSI/ISO standard, there are different versions of the SQL language. However, to be compliant with the ANSI standard, they all support at least the major commands (such as SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, INSERT, WHERE) in a similar manner.

DELETE – DELETE statements are used to remove rows from a table
GROUP BY – GROUP BY is used with SELECT to arrange identical data into groups
HAVING – HAVING was added to SQL because WHERE could not be used with aggregate functions
INNER JOIN – An inner join will combine rows from different tables if the join condition is true
INSERT – INSERT statements are used to add a new row to a table
IS (NOT) Null – IS Null and IS NOT NULL are operators used with WHERE to test for empty values
LIKE – LIKE is a special operator used with WHERE to search for a specific pattern in a column
LIMIT – LIMIT lets you specify the maximum number of rows the result set will have
SUM() – SUM() returns the sum of all the values in a column
UPDATE – UPDATE statements allow you to edit rows in a table
WHERE – WHERE filters the result set to include only rows where the following condition is true
WITH – WITH stores the result of a query in a temporary table using an alias
OUTER JOIN – An outer join will combine rows from different tables in any conditions
ROUND() – ROUND rounds the values in a column to the number of specific decimal places
SELECT – SELECT is used to fetch data from a database
SELECT DISTINCT – SELECT DISTINCT returns unique values in the specified column(s)
BETWEEN – The BETWEEN operator is used to filter the result set within a certain range
CASE – CASE statements are used to create different outputs.
COUNT() – COUNT() is a function that counts the number of rows where a column is not null
CREATE TABLE – CREATE TABLE creates a new table in the database
ALTER TABLE – ALTER TABLE lets you add columns to a table in a database
AND – AND is an operator that combines two conditions
AS – AS allows you to rename a column or table using an alias
AVG() – AVG() is an aggregate function that returns the average value for a numeric column
MAX() – MAX() is a function that returns the largest value in a column
MIN() – MIN() is a function that returns the smallest value in a column
OR – OR is an operator that combines two conditions
ORDER BY – ORDER BY sorts that result set by a particular column either alphabetically or numerically

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